Generational Differences Between Baby Boomers and...

Generational Differences Between Baby Boomers and Millennials and The Impacts on HR Kimberly Senkler September 14, 2010 Human Resource Management BA 421 KP Normally we tend to think of diversity in relation to age, race, gender and religion. These days there is more focus being given to diversity in the form of generational differences. While the other factors in diversity (age, race, gender and religion) tend to lead to legal issues, generational diversity is generally more of a performance issue. Generations can be loosely defined as bodies of individuals born and living at about the same time. â€Å"Each generation is molded by distinctive experiences during their critical developmental periods† (Twenge, 2008). The†¦show more content†¦Millennials tend to be technologically advanced and eager to learn. They also value social responsibility and team-work. They are often seen as impatient and quick to express opinions without having all of the data. Millennials are quick to jump-ship if they do not feel if they are progressing fast enough, often at speeds that might be seen as unreasonable. Dayan (2005) says that about 5.6 million Millennials are about to enter the employment market. Millennials are said to be the most challenging generation for employers. Attracting Boomers and Millennials â€Å"The number of employees over the age of 55 has increased by 30 percent; however, the number of 25- to 54-year-olds has only increased by 1 percent† (Claire, 2009). In 2008 the eldest of the 77 million baby-boomers turned 62. Estimates are that by the end of the decade about 40 percent of the work force will be eligible to retire. As people begin to reach the age of retirement there may be not be enough new employees to fill the gap (Clare, 2009). Companies need to find ways to attract Boomers and Millennials. Companies that want to attract Boomers and Millennials need to be creative in their culture, HR policies and work environments. According to the U.S. Census Bureau the number of people 65 and older will possibly double by the year 2030. According to Yager (2008) forecasts are showing that the United States could reach a labor shortage by 2030. AsShow MoreRelatedBaby Boomers And Millennials796 Words   |  4 PagesGenerational differences are apparent in almost all interactions between anyone of differing ages. These differences can be anything from the way people dress to their views on politics. Two of the largest generations in the world are Baby Boomers, people born from 1946-1964, and Millennials, people born from 1981-1998. As Baby Boomers continue their last couple years of work before retirement, and as Millennials continue to join the working community, these generations are increasingly interactingRead MoreManaging A Team Of Multi Generational Workers Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pages In today’s world, the problems of managing a team of multi-generational workers can be best described by the difference in the generation in the workforce. This usually is the main reason for conflicts in the workplace but sometimes can be a boon for the employers for the development of an organisation to be more efficient and productive. Authoritative approaches to deal with these inadequate nowadays as these are of differing values and attributes with varying ambitions to either compete or collaborateRead MoreThe Human Resource Director Of St. Anthony Foundation917 Words   |  4 PagesAnthony employs between 130-150 employees at varying professional levels, ranging from staff re-entering the workforce from the community it serves to highly skilled medical professionals. Multi Generational Workforce The most prominent change in the workforce affecting human resources is the rise of a multi generational workforce. Providing different human resource needs to various employees is an emerging challenge for Judie. Being aware of different workplace standards between these generationsRead MoreThe Human Resource Director Of St. Anthony Foundation883 Words   |  4 Pagesskilled medical professionals. Multi Generational Workforce The most prominent change in the workforce affecting human resources at St. Anthony’s is the rise of a multi generational workforce. Providing different human resource needs for various employees is an evolving challenge. Being aware of different workplace standards between generations is taken into consideration to reduce â€Å"pain points† (Calvert, 2015). In the interview, Judie grouped Generation X and Millennials into the same group, and focusedRead MoreMultigenerational Workforce3685 Words   |  15 Pagesorganizations of today and are fast becoming a prominent issue for Australian HR managers. An ageing workforce and continual technological innovation are the main reasons attributing to the issues associated with a multigenerational workforce. To remain competitive organizations will need to utilize such a workforce to their advantage and this can be achieved through effective human resource development. The differences between generations are known to occur due to major influences in the environmentRead MoreA Multi Generational Workforce From A Human Resource Professional Perspective1801 Words   |  8 Pages The importance of a multi-generational workforce from a human resource professional perspective is that HR professionals must get to be change operators in making a work environment that can get, keep and develop ability from every one of the four eras. Those that succeed in enlisting, holding, and building up an elite, multigenerational workforce will beat the opposition and will have the capacity to deal with their kin hazard by building programs that address operational difficulties. PartRead MoreDifferences Between The Workforce And The Workplace2790 Words   |  12 PagesEisner (2005) claims that â€Å"nearly 60% of HR professionals in large companies report conflict between [multigenerational employees]† (p.4). However, with four generations in the workforce values, characteristics and skills greatly differ. The most precedent cases of generational differences in the workplace involves conflict between generations’ views and work values. For :†when managers and co-workers do not understand each other’s generational differences, tension increases and job satisfaction andRead MoreEmployee Engagement in Today’s Multi-Generational Workforce Essay4090 Words   |  17 PagesAbstract T he emerging need to efficiently and effectively manage the multi-generational workforce has become in of the priorities for managers. This paper relates to the need of having and engaging in practices that foster the understanding of the difference among generations in order to establish and conduct healthy approaches when managing personnel. The paper also relates to the need of establishing clear sets of goals and strategic initiatives to build a workforce that is engage, productiveRead MoreEmployee Benefit Plan Development : Employee Benefits Essay1508 Words   |  7 Pagesrole in attracting and retaining talent for organizations as monetary compensation, according to a recent Glassdoor survey (Chamberlain Tain, 2016). Given the important role benefit plans play in attracting and retaining talent as well as their impact on employee engagement and happiness it is critical that employers empower their benefits specialists to design a total benefit package that functions in suc h a way that it ensures the organization is not only in compliance with legal guidelines,Read MoreDiversity, Diversity And Inclusion Are Key Components For Organizational Success977 Words   |  4 Pagesand inclusion are key components for organizational success. Companies who realize that their human assets are one of the most, if not the most, important resource available to them aim to create an environment that embraces the similarities and differences present in its employees. Additionally, these organizations create a culture in which inclusion is a core component, advocated and demonstrated at all levels. One diversity characteristic is that of age. Due to many reasons, such as medical advances

Legal Frameworks Regulate The Domestic And International...

Various legal frameworks regulate both the domestic and international businesses. As such, the laws and regulations within the United States are somewhat dissimilar to those in the global trade arena. It is worth pointing out that contextual factors among other issues are some of the reasons why trades conducted within the United States markets would be different from the international ones. For a company like Medeco that wishes to consider expansion into the global arena, it would be essential to understanding that the legal regulations it will encounter in its endeavor to operate overseas may be different and challenging. Within the United States, the company would have to comply with the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). This regulatory framework stipulates and directs how businesses within US are carried out. However, on the international venture, Medeco will need to subscribe to Convention and Contracts for International Sales of Goods (CISG). This is a trade agreement that tow par ties from different states enter into as they seek to engage in the sales of goods and services at the international level. For a company in the caliber of Medeco, signing this contract with countries like Germany, France, and China is necessary since it operates from the United States, an agreement between the nation (US) and the respective countries is key in enhancing business operations. It is imperative to note that the CISG is not absolute. Although it is an important contract that bringsShow MoreRelatedLegal Memorandum911 Words   |  4 PagesThis document presents a framework for developing a legal memorandum concerned with the themes that need to be considered in the company’s decision to expand to Mexico. There are several legal and ethical areas pertinent to doing business internationally in Mexico. They derive from aspects of both the American and Mexican legal environments as outlined herein. I. Domestic Law A. The FCPA 1. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) governs the conduct of business operations and activities by AmericanRead MoreFinancial Crisis And The Global Financial System858 Words   |  4 PagesFinancial crises have plagued the international financial system for many decades. Indeed, they are becoming quite common lately. This quasi-permanent and problematic aspect of the global financial system can be highlighted by the problems regarding the sovereign debts of Asia, Africa, Central Europe, Latin America and the Middle East in the 80s, the 1987 stock market crash, the European foreign exchange crisis in 92-93, the bond market shock in 94, the financial problems that affected Asia, BrazilRead MoreWhat Can Post Democracy Tell Us About Mncs And Extraterritorial Violations Of Human Rights?1195 Words   |  5 Pagesout as political power shifts to the corporate sphere. Crouch’s explanatory framework considers a range of political institutions in detail, but this article focuses on just one: the transnational corporation (TNC). I specifically consider the problem of extraterritorial human rights violations committed by TNCs, and draw on Crouch’s framework to illustrate why the issue has proved to be so difficult for states to regulate. I begin by examining the problem of corporate regulation more generally, andRead MoreBitcoin And Digital Forms Of Currency919 Words   |  4 Pagesinterference with Bitcoin businesses. Most consumer have no understanding of why. This general writing requirement attempts to explain the background of Bitcoin and decentralized currency; it further defines why Bitcoin is in popular use; and finally the paper calls for United States government to take an active role in the international regulation of this growing financial scheme. Furthermore, I will address if there is any existing law that can be drawn to parallel the legal regulations that willRead MoreIKEA Environmental Factors1202 Words   |  5 Pagescatalog. There are many environmental factors that affect IKEA’s global and domestic marketing decisions. An analysis of those factors, the influence of the global economic interdependency and the effect of trade practices and agreements, the demographic and physical infrastructure, the cultural differences, social responsibility and ethics versus legal obligations, the effect of political systems and the influence of international relations and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, and finally theRead MoreThe Foreign Direct Investment Is An International Movement Of Capital1452 Words   |  6 PagesFirst of all, the foreign direct investment is an international movement of capital made by a company or by other entity to establish a subsidiary or to affiliate abroad, by acquiring an interest in a foreign company, by merging with a company foreign, or by establishing a joint venture in another country (O Neill, 2004). The FDI will allow Wal-Mart to expand their operations into the Moroccan market, to increase its productivity, and to increase its turnover. By merging with Marjane CorporationRead MoreThe Environment of Modern Business1797 Words   |  8 Pagesneeds some form of government to regulate its business affairs. As a function of any organised society, the governments play a key role in the modern business environment. But the form of government differs from nation to nation. Whatever the form or structure, all governments have activities and objectives in common, namely political, economic, legal, technological, and social environment of business. We can use these PEST(LE) factors, mainly in political, economic, legal, technological factors to examineRead MoreBarriers to Foreign Investment in the Chinese Internet Industry1675 Words   |  7 Pagesstrict legal co ntrols on information and distribution and poor enforcement of intellectual property laws. This article explains the barriers facing high-tech companies in China. [pic] Introduction | | China has the largest population and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. If only one percent of its population participates in the New Economy, China will provide a market of more than 13 million potential customers for Internet businesses aroundRead MoreFactors Affecting International Business Practices2147 Words   |  9 PagesInternational Business: International business basically involves all business transactions like the transfer of goods, services, capital, technology and managerial knowledge throughout the world. Similar to other businesses or trade, international business also incorporates the export and import of business items. There are various options for conducting business include starting a joint venture with an existing firm in the host nation, exporting goods and services, offering managerial servicesRead MoreInternational And National Law On Forest Trade And Management4008 Words   |  17 PagesInternational and national law on Forest Trade and management Introduction Forest goods and services are valuable recourses and providing huge benefits to humankinds and all live on earth. Forest can bring about high level of commercial, material, and immaterial benefits. Many countries get benefits from trading in forest goods and services and consider forestry to substantial source of income. On the other side, trade in forest goods and services can contribute to environmental problem and environmental

A Book Report on Irene Hunt’s Free Essays

Irene Hunt’s No Promises in the Wind (1975) is a story about the plight of fifteen-year-old Josh and his brother Joey, set in the desperate state of the U.S. during the Great Depression of the ‘30s. We will write a custom essay sample on A Book Report on Irene Hunt’s or any similar topic only for you Order Now The two boys hailed from Chicago, born from a middle class family. The Stock market crashed signaling the start of the Depression (Great Depression, 2005). This has been â€Å"particularly severe in Chicago because of the city’s reliance on manufacturing, the hardest hit sector nationally† (Deutsch, 2005).   More than half of the workforce lost their jobs (Deutsch, 2005), including their father, Stephan. When this happened their father changed from someone who is kindhearted into a bitter, angry man. Those times were ridden with problems and he takes his anger out on his oldest son Josh. But rather, it could be supposed that he is angrier with himself for being helpless in their situation, what with the pressures of providing for his family. Desperate times necessitate that kids those days mature early, and even though Josh is a mere boy, he leaves his family with his best friend Howie with dreams of being musicians, his little brother Joey tagging along. The brothers experience a devastating blow when Howie got run over by a train. When they continued to venture forth, they realize how hard to make it out in the real world. They were cold and hungry, at times even resorting to begging for food. They meet a lot of interesting and endearing people along the way and saw how people from different parts of the country, such as Louisiana and Nebraska, were being affected by the Depression. Such people like Lonnie, a generous trucker who tries to help them whenever he can despite tough times, and Emily, a beautiful and attractive a circus clown. Hunt paints a harrowing portrait of that period and how desperate times change people, emotionally and psychologically. She shows that when the going gets tough, man’s instincts for survival take over, even at the sake of common goodness and humanity. On the other side of the coin, it is also a testament that kindness still endures. The story is largely character driven, and the author makes good use of her skill in portraying emotions, especially how the Depression changed people. With deft descriptions and stirring language, she conjures a moving image of a desperate America, and what people do in order to survive. Some parts could seem too unrealistic, such as Josh’s illogical ambitions and the brothers’ seemingly continuous luck, but in the end it is successful in providing us a glimpse of the general populace’s real state of living during that period. References Deutsch, T. (2005).   Great Depression. In The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved November 22, 2005, from http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/542.html Great Depression. (2005). In Wikipedia. Retrieved November 23, 2005, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression Hunt, I. (1975). No Promises in the Wind.   Chicago: Follet Publishing.    How to cite A Book Report on Irene Hunt’s, Papers

Australian Domicile Business Employer

Question: Discuss about the Australian Domicile for Business Employer. Answer: 1. The various facts with regards to Fred are summarised below. Fred does not hold an Australian domicile and hails from England. The visit to Australia is in regards to setting office for his British employer. His children did not accompany him to Australia as they were in college but wife has come. The exact duration of stay is not clear but Fred has stayed for 11 months before returning to England due to illness. Freds lifestyle during his stay in Australia is similar to corresponding lifestyle in country of origin i.e. England. In order to determine the tax residency, as per TR 98/17 , the following test need to be applied to ascertain Freds tax residency for the given year under assessment (Barkoczy, 2015). Domicile Test As Fred is not an Australian resident and hails from England, he does not have Australian domicile and thus this test is not relevant for Fred (Coleman, 2011). Superannuation Test As Fred is not a Federal government employee, hence this test is not relevant for Fred (Sadiq et. al., 2015). 183 day Test With regards to this test, Fred manages to satisfy the minimum stay of 183 days in Australia as his tenure of stay is close to 11 months. However, Fred intends to return to England once professional commitment is finished and thus shows no long term commitment towards staying in Australia (Gidlers et. al., 2013). Thus, Fred fails to satisfy this test. Resides Test It is evident from the given information that the purpose of visit for Fred is significant as it is not casual employment extending to two three months as 11 months have already passed by and his work is not finished. Also, his social life in Australia is same as that in England. Thus, Fred manages to satisfy this test and would be considered as Australian tax resident (Barkozcy, 2015). Hence, it can be derived, that for the given tax year Fred would be recognised as an Australian tax resident. 1. Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris (Surveyor of Tax) (1904) 5 TC 159 If the intention of the taxpayer is to generate income without performing any activity on the land purchased then that income would be considered as revenue income and would be assessed under Income Tax Act ITAA1936. In this case, Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd acquires a property for copper mining. Company knew about shortage of funds at the time of buying only and hence could not perform the copper mining activity. Then, shareholder of the company decided to lease this land to some other company for performing the copper mining activity. Company found out some other mining company and sold that land for the mining. In respect of this company received the share of that company as consideration (Coleman, 2011). According to the taxation officer, revenue generated from the transfer of ownership of capital asset intentionally without performing any activity, would be considered as revenue receipt rather than capital receipt. But company was not satisfied with the view of taxation off icer and filed the case in the New Zealand court. The honourable judge gave its decision in favour of taxation officer. Court decided that company acquired copper mining land with the intention of realise it further to earn higher profits. Because company did not perform any mining activity on that land, so the income generated to earn higher profits would be assessed as taxable income and in this case the taxpayer would be liable to pay tax on this income under section 25 (1) of ITAA 1936 (Barkoczy, 2015). Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188 A land was acquired by the Scottish Australian Mining Company for performing the coal mining activity. For a long time, company performed the coal mining. But due to continuous coal mining, land became depleted in the reserves of coal. Taxpayer decided to sell this land for realisation of capital asset. For this, he divided the land into several size plots for residential purpose as the land without sub-dividing in the plots could not make feasible for residential purpose. Company supplied water pipe line, sewage lines parks, hospital , school ,shopping complex, roads also constructed by the company along with these plots to enhance the market value of these plots. After accomplishing all this, company sold these plots to several potential buyers and got high rate of returns. Tax commissioner ruled that the income received by selling of land would be termed as ordinary income of the company and assessed for the taxation. Court overruled the commissioner view and decided that the inte ntion for the company was not to realise the capital asset for gains. They performed coal mining for so many years and when the land was totally ripe for development then only the company decided to dispose of ripe land. Therefore, marketing of land would not be countable as revenue income and not assessed as taxable. It was mere realisation of capital asset and would not be taxed (Jade, 2016). 3: FC of T v Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLR In this case, Whit Fords Beach Pty Ltd engaged in acquisition of a beach land for drying the shack of fish in the year 1953. The taxpayer then liquidated this land to some other company. Essential amendment had done in the article of association of the company regarding this liquidation. All the board members agreed for the same. After that company divided the land into sub sections and liquidated the plots to the respective buyers at market value. Company got high returns from this transaction. Taxation authority was in the opinion that the transaction had been made knowingly for gains at higher rate. Therefore, these gains would be assessable and taxpayer bound to pay tax. As per the company, this transaction took place to overcome from financial loss. The honourable court commented that the transaction is done intentionally for higher gains instead of protecting company from financial loss. Hence, gains received from liquidation of capital asset would be considered as revenue rece ipt. Company who was the taxpayer would be liable to pay tax and the income would be assessed under taxation act for taxable purpose (CCh, 2014a). 4: Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC 4070 As per this case, Statham Anor were two trustees who received a land as an estate. Both of them started cattle business on that deceased land. After their fathers death, their families started suffering from financial crises. This financial crisis also influenced their cattle business too. To overcome from financial crises, both trustees decided to liquidate a part of land in the market. This forced trustees to sub-divide the partial land in to plots and market to the potential buyer. According to the concerned tax commissioner, the revenue received would be considered as revenue income and would be assessable under taxation act. But the court decision was completely different from the tax commissioner. Court commented that the prime intention of both the trustees was to do the cattle business on the particular land. Due to financial crises they were forced to sell a partial portion of land in the market. It had proven also that the taxpayer not performed any construction or develop ment activity on that land. Liquidation of capital asset was not done with the intention of higher returns. Therefore, income received from this liquidation would not be considered as revenue receipt (CCh, 2014b). Casimaty v FC of T 97 ATC 5135 As per this case, a person named Casimaty owned a land. He initially involved in the family business that is farming on that land. But due to some financial loss in the farming business, he was forced to dispose of large area of his land in the market. Casimaty did not have enough money with him to use that money for sub division of this land in to small section. So he borrowed money from the market to do sub division of his land in to small sections. After sub division, Casimaty liquidated this land in to market for earning profit. According to his expectation, he got the required amount from the marketing by disposed of his land to get rid from the debt he had taken from the market for even sub division of that land. Taxation authority commented that the income receipt from the liquidation of land in to market would be counted as taxable income as per law. Court said as per rule, Casimaty was performing farming activity on that land for so many years. He did not have any intention to dispose of this land to earn profit. It was his financial circumstances which pushed him to liquidate his land and get rid from his financial debt. For that, he subdivided the land in to different section by taking loan from outside, which increased his debt. Intention of the taxpayer matters very much. But here, intention of tax payer was totally clear, only to wipe off his debt and again get engaged in the farming business. So the income earned from liquidation of capital asset would not be assessed under income tax act section 25 (1) of ITAA 1936 (CCh, 2014c). Moana Sand Pty Ltd v FC of T 88 ATC 4897 According to this case, Moana Sand Pty Ltd purchased a land for sand excavation. Company engaged in the sand excavation operation on this land for a long period. Due to sand excavation for so many years, land became exhausted in sand and unsuitable for further sand excavation. Company made a plan to derive the returns from this exhausted land by selling it in the market to the several buyers who wanted a good condition residential house with all amenities in that city. So, company sub divided the exhausted land in to different but attractive section so that buyer could be attracted immediately towards these town houses. Company also installed water supply and sewage pipe line. After providing amenities, company hand over these town house to the potential buyer in exchange of good returns (Sadiq et. al., 2015). Tax commissioner said that the intention of the taxpayer was to earn higher profit at initial stage so the amount received would be taxable under taxation act. The court agreed with the commissioners opinion and ruled that when the sand reserves exhausted and the company started developing land, the business activity got altered from sand mining to land development and hence income is taxable (Gilders et. al, 2013). Crow v FC of T 88 ATC 4620 As per this case, a person named Crow wanted to purchase a five block land. He borrowed finance from the market and purchased that five block land keeping in mind the future value of this land. After acquiring five block land, he sub divided that five block land in to fifty new developed blocks for fulfilling market need. For a long time, he was engaged in to development business and result was $ 388,288 as profit. Concerned taxation officer ruled that income received by selling fifty block land would be assessable income. Taxpayer advocated that he had sold that land as he was suffering from financial loss and initially he was engaged in the farming activity. But taxation officer denied this excuse.. Tax tribunal concluded in favour of taxation officer. It was clear that the tax payer borrowed money from market to purchase five block land. He initially knew his financial conditions. For keeping in mind the future returns by this land, he purchased this land by borrowed money. All th is is done by the tax payer very systematically as that he could engage in liquidation of land. Therefore, income derived from selling of land considered as ordinary income and would be assessed for taxation. Crow would be liable to pay tax on this revenue receipt (CCh, 2014d). McCurry Anor v FC of T 98 ATC 4487 In this case, McCurry Anor were two business associates, who purchased a land in which some houses had been constructed in an old manner. For obtaining gains from this land, they decided to develop it by constructing some newly designed building. They started construction on the old building and gave the totally new look to his building as per market demand. Meanwhile, they gave advertisement in the newspapers as well as some other advertisement channel. But even after making so many efforts by both business associates, not even a single house could sell. However, they decided to occupy one house for their own residence. After that, within a year all the newly constructed house had been sold at a very high rate of return. Taxation authority claimed the received gains as taxable income. But both associates were not satisfied by the taxation officers view. Tax tribunal decided that the intention of buyer was only to make profit at initial stage. In order to implement this, they have d one construction work on that old building. Hence, by keeping in mind, the intention of tax payer to indulge in land development at very beginning, income earned by selling of new design house, would be considered as revenue income and would be taxable under taxation act of section 25 (1) of ITAA, 1936 (CCh, 2014e). References Barkoczy,S 2015,Foundation of Taxation Law 2015,6th eds., CCH Publications, North Ryde CCh 2016a, FC of T v Whit fords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLR, Available online from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio549860sl16841994/federal-commissioner-of-taxation-v-whitfords-beach-pty-ltd-high-court-of-australia-17-march-1982 (Accessed on September 3, 2016) CCh 2016b, Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC 4070, Available online from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio544343sl16788832/statham-anor-v-federal-commissioner-of-taxation-federal-court-of-australia-full-court-23-december-1988 (Accessed on September 3, 2016) CCh 2016c, Casimaty v FC of T 97 ATC 5135, Available online from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio539843sl16716249/casimaty-v-fc-of-t-federal-court-of-australia-10-december-1997 (Accessed on September 3, 2016) CCb 2016d, Crow v FC of T 88 ATC 4620, Available online from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio545564sl16800674/crow-v-federal-commissioner-of-taxation-federal-court-of-australia-17-august-1988 (Accessed on September 3, 2016) CCh 2016e, McCurry Anor v FC of T 98 ATC 4487, Available online from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio539084sl16707683/mccurry-anor-v-fc-of-t-federal-court-of-australia-15-may-1998 (Accessed on September 3, 2016) Coleman, C 2011, Australian Tax Analysis, 4th eds., Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia, Sydney Gilders, F, Taylor, J, Walpole, M, Burton, M. Ciro, T 2013, Understanding taxation law 2013, 6th eds., LexisNexis/Butterworths Jade 2016, Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188, Available online from https://jade.io/j/?a=outlineid=64663 (Accessed on September 3, 2016) Sadiq, K, Coleman, C, Hanegbi, R, Jogarajan, S, Krever, R, Obst, W, and Ting, A 2015 ,Principles of Taxation Law 2015, 7th eds., Thomson Reuters, Pymont